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Macon, N. Don Cancer
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Interview with Pierre Denoix, MD

Interview with Pierre Denoix, MD by Don Macon. An MDA-TV Production, Medical Communication. Produced for the Office of the President. September 30, 1976. Program# 648-1-76. Runtime is 29:53 minutes.
(0:17) Macon introduces Pierre Denoix, Director of the Institut Gustave Roussy in Paris, France. He was visiting Houston for the rededication of the expanded MD Anderson Cancer Center and for meetings of the International Union Against Cancer, Committee on International Collaborative Activates.
(1:08) Denoix offers details of his biography, beginning with his birth and education in Paris.
(4:30) Denoix describes the beginning of his professional career. He also discusses his involvement in the French underground and his arrest during World War II.
(7:49) He describes the Institute and his early career there. He highlights the multi-disciplinary approach. He also recounts his experience spending three months at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland.
(11:02) Denoix offers his thoughts on how to design and operate a comprehensive cancer center, highlighting protocols, regulations, and relationships.
(13:44) He describes his role as Surgeon General of France. He also speaks about the national healthcare system in France.
(16:16) He speaks to issues of motivation, including financial, for physicians. He also discusses the projected supply and demographics of French doctors. Continuing education is also addressed.
(20:07) Denoix discusses the knowledge and attitude of “typical” French citizens regarding health. He reflects on strategies to improve the connection between citizens and doctors. He speaks to the importance of family doctors and diagnosis.
(22:31) He discusses the importance of basic research and clinical research. He speaks to how it is organized at his Institute.
(24:13) Denoix speaks to his international involvement, including in the International Union Against Cancer. He also discusses his focus on comprehensive cancer care and prevention.
(26:51) He discusses progress in the “conquest” of cancer.
(27:39) The interview concludes with Macon prompting a discussion of the Louvre.

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Interview with Dr. Gerald P. Murphy

Interview with Dr. Gerald P. Murphy by Don Macon. MDA-TV Production. Medical Communication. MDAH #647-1-76. 9/30/1976. Runtime is 27:38 minutes.
(0:17) Don Macon introduces the program and Gerald P. Murphy, MD, Director of Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York. Murphy is also a member of the Committee for International Collaborative Activities of the Internal Union Against Cancer.
(1:05) Murphy offers details of his biography. He was born in Montana, grew up in the Pacific Northwest, studied at Johns Hopkins, and served in the Army at Walter Reid. He joined Roswell Park in 1968.
(2:41) He discusses his influences, his specialty in urology, and his interest in cancer care.
(4:42) Murphy recounts joining Roswell Park Memorial Institute and becoming director. He describes the Institute and its history.
(8:35) He reflects on the team approach to cancer care as well as the importance of leadership and programs.
(10:31) Murphy speaks about the national cancer program. He mentions the passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971 and its renewal in 1973. He addresses research and clinical work.
(14:02) He discusses milestones, highlighting the translation of research to clinical investigation. He cities the speed of communications, new developments in monitoring, findings in cell biology, the development of a national cancer control program.
(17:58) Murphy offers his definition of “cancer control.”
(20:41) He discusses community involvement and volunteer organizations. He speaks to the prevalence of fear of cancer.
(26:15) Macon brings the interview to a close and thanks Murphy.

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Interview with Gregory O'Conor, MD

Interview with Gregory O'Conor, MD by Don Macon. MDA-TV Production. Medical Communication. MDAH Master #649-1-76. 10/1/1976. Runtime is 30:33 minutes.
(0:13) Don Macon introduces the “Video Profiles” program and Gregory T. O'Conor, MD, Associate Director for International Affairs, National Cancer Institute. Along with other members of the Committee for International Collaborative Activities of the Internal Union Against Cancer, O’Conor was visiting M. D. Anderson Hospital on the occasion of its rededication and expansion.
(0:43) O’Conor reflects on his decision to become a doctor. He went to medical school at Cornell. He started out in obstetrics and gynecology, but switched to pathology.
(2:54) He describes his decision to leave a job in laboratory medicine and go to work in Uganda at the University of East Africa around 1960. Murphy reports working with Dr. Denis Burkitt.
(6:35) O’Conor speaks to differences in patterns of cancer, geographic pathology, and environmental factors in Africa.
(9:04) He reflects on the influence of his time in Africa on his interest in cancer. He recounts working in the medical school with students, doing research, and deciding to continue in academic medicine.
(10:12) O’Conor describes his work at the National Cancer Institute.
(11:18) O’Conor describes his work with the World Health Organization. He speaks about the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer, which began operations in 1966. The National Cancer Institute sent him to participate in Switzerland and later France.
(15:24) He recounts his acquaintances with other international figures in cancer research like Pierre Denoix and John Higginson. He talks about his work in epidemiology and geographic pathology.
(17:03) O’Conor speaks about the Committee for International Collaborative Activities of the Internal Union Against Cancer.
(19:39) He describes the development of the International Cancer Research Databank. He notes the creation of databases that have pulled together published cancer literature, abstracts of ongoing research projects, abstracts of clinical research treatment protocols, and a forthcoming database of bibliographies in special subjects related to cancer. Citing MEDLINE, he deems their system CancerLine. He describes the online connectivity of the databases.
(24:50) O’Conor notes that much of the published literature in the databases, including from Europe, is in English. He says articles in French or German still tend to have English abstracts. For the databases, French and German literature is being abstracted in those languages. The Japanese and Russian literature relies on English abstracts.
(26:45) Asked about the fight against cancer, he cites “steady progress.” He elaborates on the state of cancer research and control.
(29:50) Macon brings the interview to a close and thanks O’Conor.

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Interview with Carmen Annes Dias Prudente

An interview with Mrs. Carmen Annes Dias Prudente by Don Macon. MDAH Master #743-1-77. 6/3/1977. Runtime is 25:18 minutes.
(0:09) Don Macon introduces the “Video Profiles” program and Mrs. Carmen Annes Dias Prudente from the Foundation Antonio Prudente in Brazil.
(1:50) Prudente discusses her family history, meeting her husband, Dr. Antonio Prudente, and efforts against cancer in Sao Paulo, Brazil. After her husband’s death, the association they established was named the Foundation Antonio Prudente. She is in charge of the volunteers there.
(5:30) She elaborates on grants and fundraising efforts to support their movement. She discusses the hospital, its operations, and its clientele. She stresses the large percentage of poor patients seen by the hospital and the quality of care across all populations.
(9:06) Prudente speaks about the training requirements for volunteers.
(11:43) She speaks about Sao Paulo’s pollution, population, geography, and climate.
(14:55) Prudente reports the hospital has 324 beds and 186 volunteers. She describes their pink uniform with a rosebud symbolizing hope. She describes her philosophy for volunteers—always showing hope.
(17:21) She adds that her volunteers are mostly women, but some men are involved in the religious department, and children are involved in fundraising. She discusses volunteer activities and recruitment.
(20:35) She tells the story of a young boy who came to visit the hospital.
(24:04) Macon concludes the interview.

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Interview with Dr. R. Wayne Rundles

Video Profiles: An interview with Dr. R. Wayne Rundles by Don Macon. An MDA-TV Production. Department of Medical Communication. Produced for the Office of the President. 1/2/1978. Runtime is 29:19 minutes.
(0:20) Don Macon introduces the Video Profiles series and Dr. R. Wayne Rundles, Professor of Medicine and Head of Hematology and Chemotherapy at Duke University School of Medicine. At the time of the interview, he is also serving as President of the American Cancer Society.
(1:08) Rundles offers some details of his biography, beginning in Urbana, Illinois. He speaks about his father, the family farm, and his family. He mentions attending Depauw University in Indiana and elaborates on his interest in science.
(3:31) He speaks about his decision to go to Duke University. He mentions a fellowship to study neuroanatomy at Cornell for four years. He speaks fondly of the faculty he encountered, including B. F. Kingsbury and James Sumner. From there he reports on the connection to Duke and his decision to enroll in medical school there.
(4:53) Returning to his time at Depauw, he recounts an opportunity to work at the Woods Hole Marine Biologic Laboratory.
(6:06) Focusing on Duke, Macon notes that Rundles had a been a classmate of Grant Taylor. They speak about the dog surgery class and the tendency of students to rescue dogs.
(7:52) Rundles describes going to the University of Michigan and then returning to Duke. He had been studying diabetes and ultimately settled on doing blood work.
(9:52) He reports the natural interest in cancer that emerged from hematology. He recounts the rise of chemotherapy during that period, citing particular studies. He speaks about his studies of biochemistry, including anti-purines, nitrogen-mustard compounds, and antibiotic derivatives.
(12:44) Rundles discusses the state of understanding of cancer. He also speaks about public support for research, suggesting taxpayers will support work in diseases they are interested in. He speaks in more detail about his research in anti-purine compounds and its application in treating gout.
(16:13) Macon and Rundles speak to the value of good basic research. Rundles notes that many recent advances in medicine draw on research originally intended to solve a different problem.
(17:41) They speak about the American Cancer Society. Rundles is currently serving as President, following R. Lee Clark. He notes his first research grant came from the American Cancer Society. He speaks highly of the society’s research grants, educational programs, and service. He recalls accepting a position as a Director-at-Large before becoming President. He speaks about gaining a national perspective on how different committees work, what is going on, and where the problems are. He notes the Society operates in the interests of the American public. He highlights the gradual nature of progress in cancer research.
(21:32) Macon notes the difficulty in communicating the value of research to the public. Rundles suggests people are increasingly interested in science and understand its value. But he also warns against profiteering and resistance to good information.
(24:14) Macon notes progress in understanding the problems of cancer. Rundles highlights M. D. Anderson’s leadership, fast progress, size, and diversification of talent.
(25:54) Rundles speaks about his plans for retirement. He notes he has stepped away from heading Hematology at his institution in order to serve as American Cancer Society President. He speaks about the hospital at Duke and its ongoing development.
(28:24) Macon concludes the interview, praising Rundles’ long view and wishing him well.

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Interview with Dr. Henri Tagnon

An Interview with Dr. H. Tagnon by Don Macon. An MDA-TV Production. Medical Communication. 9/30/1976. Runtime is 31:02 minutes.
(0:28) Don Macon introduces the Video Profiles series and Dr. Henri Tagnon, Head of the Institute Jules Bordet in Brussels, Belgium. He is also President of the European Organization for Research on the Treatment of Cancer and a member of the Committee on International Collaborative Activities of the International Union Against Cancer.
(1:45) Tagnon offers some details of his biography and education in Belgium. He mentions attending medical school in Brussels and cites his interest in clinical medicine. He attributes his interest in medicine to his interest in human nature. He discusses medical education and residency in Belgium.
(5:21) He discusses his parents, including his father’s admiration for surgeons.
(6:10) Tagnon recounts the fellowship that first brought him to the United States. He was at New York Hospital, affiliated with Cornell Medical School. Based on his interest in blood coagulation, he moved to the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory at Boston City Hospital.
(8:45) Tagnon then went to Memorial Hospital. He recalls appointing the first medical residency staff at Memorial in 1947. They discuss Robert Hickey, who was among the residents. They discuss R. Lee Clark and the development of cancer centers—including M. D. Anderson—in a relatively short period of time.
(12:59) He recalls the opportunity to return to Belgium as Chief of Medicine at the Institute Jules Bordet. He describes the growth of the program. He credits his time in the United States for his vision and accomplishments.
(19:00) Tagnon discusses the impetus for and development of the European Organization for Research on the Treatment of Cancer. He again cites the influence of his American experience.
(22:44) Tagnon reflects on the origins of cancer centers in the United States and Europe. He highlights the different disciplines—radiotherapy, surgery, and medicine—and the development of the comprehensive cancer center.
(26:27) Macon outlines the history of the Texas Medical Center and M. D. Anderson Hospital. Tagnon cites the influence of Dr. William Levin of University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston. Dr. Levin had advised the creation of a data center in Europe.
(29:39) Macon concludes the interview by thanking Tagnon.

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Interview with Dr. David A. Wood

Dr. David A. Wood. Interviewed by Don Macon. Video recorded 9/25/1975. Approx. 30min. Color-Sound. MDAH Master #401-1-75. Produced for The University of Texas - Texas Medical Center Historical Resources Project. Dr. Wood briefly discussed his early history from his birth near the River of Lost Souls, in New Mexico through events that led to his interest n Pathology. He spoke of his wife who is a RN and his five children, one of whom is a MD, another who is interested in academic medicine. Sketching his career, Dr. Woods provided information about the American Cancer Society. He also talked about Dr. E. W. Bertner, Dr. R. Lee Clark, Dr. Murray Copeland, Dr. Grant Taylor, and Senator Frank Church. Dr. Wood emphasizes that the cancer story is a message of hope.

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Texas Medical Center Historical Resources Project records

  • IC 084
  • Colección
  • 1973-1991

The Texas Medical Center (TMC) Historical Resources Project records contain video oral histories of notable personalities associated with or visiting the TMC. Beginning in 1973, the initial group of interviews focuses on individuals involved in the founding or early days of the TMC. Later “video profiles” also include significant visitors to the TMC. Several of these feature national and international figures in cancer research on their visits to Houston. In total the collection features forty-seven unique recordings of interviews with thirty-eight different individuals. All forty-seven unique recordings have been digitized.

Don Macon, Director of the TMC Historical Resources Project, serves as interviewer in all but one of the recordings. The interviews are all staged as one-on-one conversations, with the exception of Macon's interview of Isaac Berenblum and Philippe Shubik. A typical interview begins with some biographical information about the interviewee, followed by accounts of their careers and, where appropriate, their involvement with the Texas Medical Center. Recordings each tend to be approximately 30-60 minutes long; the shortest interview is about 18 minutes, with the longest (Dr. Frederick Elliott's) being 2 hours and 18 minutes.

The bulk of the interviews took place from 1973-1978. There are also interviews from 1982, 1988, and 1991. Most if not all of the interviews were recorded in the studio at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Most are attributed to MDA-TV, Department of Medical Communications. Some later interviews are attributed to UT-TV.

While there are forty-seven unique recordings, the collection includes many duplications and totals nearly one hundred tapes. The videotapes are primarily 3/4" U-Matic, though there are also some VHS tapes. There are many original master recordings, as well as duplications on a variety of media--including a dozen interviews transferred to DVDs. Most interviews correspond to a single tape, but some speakers continue on to a second tape, typically labeled "part 2." Dr. Elliott's interview spans five tapes.

The level of detail in the descriptions varies across recordings. The collection includes contemporary typed transcripts for the first ten interviews from 1973. The MHC has created computer-generated transcripts for a handful of other interviews. Thirteen interviews have detailed descriptions with timecodes and summaries of content being discussed. The remaining interviews have paragraph-length descriptions transcribed from the original tapes or their cases.

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